The Counts of Toulouse: ( Coms de Toloza):
Raymond IV is sometimes known as Raymond of Saint-Gilles, after the family seat to the south of N�mes. He was Count of Toulouse, Marquis (or Margrave) of Provence, and one of the leaders of the First Crusade. He succeeded his brother William IV as Count of Toulouse in
According to an Armenian source, he had lost an eye on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem before the First Crusade. He fought against the Moors in Spain before , and he was the first to join the crusade after Pope Urban II's sermon at the Council of Clermont.
Raymond IV was the senior nobleman among the five leaders of the First Crusade. The oldest and the richest of the crusaders, Raymond IV left Toulouse at the end of October , with a large company that included his wife Elvira, his son Bertrand, and Adhemar, bishop of Puy, the papal legate. He marched to Dyrrhachium, and then east to Constantinople along the same route used by Bohemund of Taranto. At the end of April, , he was the only crusade leader not to swear an oath of fealty to Byzantine Emperor Alexius I - instead he swore an oath of friendship, and offered his support Raymond of ToulouseName of several members of the ruling family of the County of Toulouse. Raymond IV, founder of the Latin County of Tripoli in the Holy Land; b. c. ; d. Tripoli, Feb. 28, Raymond became Marquis of Provence in and Count of Toulouse in , upon the death of his elder brother, Count William IV. In , shortly after the Council of Clermont, Raymond took the cross and set out for the Holy Land in October of After the capture of Antioch (), Raymond attempted to gain control of the city on behalf of Byzantine Emperor alexius i comnenus, but he was thwarted by Bohemond I. When the crusaders took Jerusalem (), Raymond also attempted unsuccessfully to establish himself there. He then allied himself with the Byzantines and subsequently joined forces with the Crusade of He escaped the general massacre of that unsuccessful expedition and then returned to Syria, where he took Tortosa and commenced a further campaign against Tripoli. Although Raymond died before the capture of Tripoli (), he is usually regarded as the founder of the Latin County of Tripoli (see crusades; crusaders' states). Raymond VI, defender of Provence against the A1bigensian Crusade; b. Oct. 27, ; d. Raymond (Toulouse) de Toulouse (abt. - )BiographyRaymond IV (Toulouse) de Toulouse is Notable. Raymond de Toulouse (later called "Raymond de Saint-Gilles"), was born in about as the son of Pons Guillaume (Pons II), Comte de Toulouse and Almodis de la Marche, and later became Raymond IV, Comte (Count) de Toulouse, Duc (Duke) de Narbonne, and Marquis (Margrave) de Provence.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Raymond was a key leader of the First Crusade in , enlisting and commanding soldiers from across the south of France and the Holy Roman Empire, and later became the first Comte (Count) de Tripoli after the Crusaders' capture of Tripoli (in what is now Lebanon) and other territories of the Levant, including Antioch (in what is now Syria) and Jerusalem in Palestine. [3][6][7][8][9] MarriagesRaymond had three wives - all the daughters of prominent noble houses. The first marriage produced a son and initial heir Bertrand - although both the first and second marriages were later repudiated for consanguinity, leading to excommunications that were only lifted by the Pope following the death of his second wife. In , Raymond was free to remarr Raymond IV (count of Toulouse)Raymond IV, c&#;, count of Toulouse (&#;), leader in the First Crusade (see Crusades). He was also count of Saint Gilles and marquis of Provence. The first great prince to take the Cross, he was the chief planner and organizer of the expedition. He refused to follow Bohemond I and Godfrey of Bouillon in swearing fealty to the Byzantine emperor Alexius I, confining himself to a promise () to do no injury to the emperor's life or honor. Raymond distinguished himself at the sieges of Nicaea, Antioch, and Jerusalem, but quarreled (in vain) with Bohemond over the possession of Antioch. Having refused the title king of Jerusalem, he fought at Ashkelon (). Unable to protect his city of Laodicea against Bohemond, he went to Constantinople to seek the aid of Alexius. Subsequently he was held prisoner by Tancred, who was acting as regent for Bohemond. At the end of his life, with Byzantine support, he laid siege to Tripoli, which was finally formed into a county by his descendants. See biography by J. H. Hill and L. L. Hill (). The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Biographies you may also likeMartin luther king sr biography channel Who Was Martin Luther King Senior? In this engaging video, we take a closer look at the remarkable life of Martin Luther King Senior, a figure who played a v Missing: biography channel. Bao ninh biography channels Bảo Ninh là nhà văn đầu tiên của Việt Nam được Nhật báo Nihon Keizai Shimbun, thuộc tập đoàn truyền thông Nikkei (Nhật Bản), tôn vinh với Giải thưởng châu Á Missing: biography. 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